Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions

Brief reports

Initial steps for integrating academic electronic health records into clinical curricula of physical and occupational therapy in the United States: a survey-based observational study: Stephen Burrows, Lola Halperin, Eric Nemec, Wendy Romney; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2022;19:24. Published online September 2, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2022.19.24

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Training programs must be designed to prepare physical and occupational therapy students to use electronic health records (EHR) and interprofessional collaboration. This report aims to describe physical and occupational therapy students’ perceptions of integrating an academic EHR (AEHR) in their problem-based learning (PBL) curricula in the College of Health Professions, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, Connecticut, the United States. A paper-based case approach to PBL was adapted by creating patient cases in an AEHR. Students were asked to complete chart reviews and review provider notes to enhance their learning. An online survey was conducted to determine their perceptions of using AEHR from May 2014 to August 2015. Eighty-five students completed the survey, and 88.1% felt that using an AEHR was needed, and 82.4% felt that the additional notes enhanced their understanding of the interdisciplinary team. However, 83.5% reported the AEHR system increased the time needed to extract meaningful information. Incorporating an AEHR into curricula is essential to ensure students are adequately prepared for future patient interactions.

Educational impact of an active learning session with 6-lead mobile electrocardiography on medical students’ knowledge of cardiovascular physiology during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: a survey-based observational study: Alexandra Camille Greb, Emma Altieri, Irene Masini, Emily Helena Frisch, Milton Leon Greenberg; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2022;19:12. Published online June 20, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2022.19.12

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Mobile electrocardiogram (ECG) devices are valuable tools for teaching ECG interpretation. The primary purpose of this follow-up study was to determine if an ECG active learning session could be safely and effectively performed during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic using a newly developed mobile 6-lead ECG device. Additionally, we examined the educational impact of these active learning sessions on student knowledge of cardiovascular physiology and the utility of the mobile 6-lead ECG device in a classroom setting. In this study, first-year medical students (MS1) performed four active learning activities using the new mobile 6-lead ECG device. Data were collected from 42 MS1s through a quantitative survey administered in September 2020. Overall, students felt the activity enhanced their understanding of the course material and that the activity was performed safely and in compliance with local COVID-19 guidelines. These results emphasize student preference for hands-on, small group learning activities in spite of the pandemic.

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Medical student exam performance and perceptions of a COVID-19 pandemic-appropriate pre-clerkship medical physiology and pathophysiology curriculum
Melissa Chang, Andrew Cuyegkeng, Joseph A. Breuer, Arina Alexeeva, Abigail R. Archibald, Javier J. Lepe, Milton L. Greenberg
BMC Medical Education.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Research article

Doctoral physical therapy students’ increased confidence following exploration of active video gaming systems in a problem-based learning curriculum in the United States: a pre- and post-intervention study: Michelle Elizabeth Wormley, Wendy Romney, Diana Veneri, Andrea Oberlander; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2022;19:7. Published online April 26, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2022.19.7

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Purpose
Active video gaming (AVG) is used in physical therapy (PT) to treat individuals with a variety of diagnoses across the lifespan. The literature supports improvements in balance, cardiovascular endurance, and motor control; however, evidence is lacking regarding the implementation of AVG in PT education. This study investigated doctoral physical therapy (DPT) students’ confidence following active exploration of AVG systems as a PT intervention in the United States.
Methods
This pretest-posttest study included 60 DPT students in 2017 (cohort 1) and 55 students in 2018 (cohort 2) enrolled in a problem-based learning curriculum. AVG systems were embedded into patient cases and 2 interactive laboratory classes across 2 consecutive semesters (April–December 2017 and April–December 2018). Participants completed a 31-question survey before the intervention and 8 months later. Students’ confidence was rated for general use, game selection, plan of care, set-up, documentation, setting, and demographics. Descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare differences in confidence pre- and post-intervention.
Results
Both cohorts showed increased confidence at the post-test, with median (interquartile range) scores as follows: cohort 1: pre-test, 57.1 (44.3–63.5); post-test, 79.1 (73.1–85.4); and cohort 2: pre-test, 61.4 (48.0–70.7); post-test, 89.3 (80.0–93.2). Cohort 2 was significantly more confident at baseline than cohort 1 (P<0.05). In cohort 1, students’ data were paired and confidence levels significantly increased in all domains: use, Z=-6.2 (P<0.01); selection, Z=-5.9 (P<0.01); plan of care, Z=-6.0 (P<0.01); set-up, Z=-5.5 (P<0.01); documentation, Z=-6.0 (P<0.01); setting, Z=-6.3 (P<0.01); and total score, Z=-6.4 (P<0.01).
Conclusion
Structured, active experiences with AVG resulted in a significant increase in students’ confidence. As technology advances in healthcare delivery, it is essential to expose students to these technologies in the classroom.

Educational/Faculty development material

Using a virtual flipped classroom model to promote critical thinking in online graduate courses in the United States: a case presentation: Jennifer Tomesko, Deborah Cohen, Jennifer Bridenbaugh; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2022;19:5. Published online February 28, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2022.19.5

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Flipped classroom models encourage student autonomy and reverse the order of traditional classroom content such as lectures and assignments. Virtual learning environments are ideal for executing flipped classroom models to improve critical thinking skills. This paper provides health professions faculty with guidance on developing a virtual flipped classroom in online graduate nutrition courses between September 2021 and January 2022 at the School of Health Professions, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey. Examples of pre-class, live virtual face-to-face, and post-class activities are provided. Active learning, immediate feedback, and enhanced student engagement in a flipped classroom may result in a more thorough synthesis of information, resulting in increased critical thinking skills. This article describes how a flipped classroom model design in graduate online courses that incorporate virtual face-to-face class sessions in a virtual learning environment can be utilized to promote critical thinking skills. Health professions faculty who teach online can apply the examples discussed to their online courses.

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Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica mundial sobre el aula invertida en la educación médica
Gloria Katty Muñoz-Estrada, Hugo Eladio Chumpitaz Caycho, John Barja-Ore, Natalia Valverde-Espinoza, Liliana Verde-Vargas, Frank Mayta-Tovalino
Educación Médica.2022; 23(5): 100758. CrossRef
Effect of a flipped classroom course to foster medical students’ AI literacy with a focus on medical imaging: a single group pre-and post-test study
Matthias C. Laupichler, Dariusch R. Hadizadeh, Maximilian W. M. Wintergerst, Leon von der Emde, Daniel Paech, Elizabeth A. Dick, Tobias Raupach
BMC Medical Education.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Research article

No difference in learning outcomes and usability between using controllers and hand tracking during a virtual reality endotracheal intubation training for medical students in Thailand: Chaowanan Khundam, Naparat Sukkriang, Frédéric Noël; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2021;18:22. Published online August 18, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2021.18.22

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
We developed a virtual reality (VR) endotracheal intubation training that applied 2 interaction modalities (hand-tracking or controllersIt aimed to investigatedthe differences of usuability between using hand tracking and controllers during the VR intervention for intubation training for medical students from February 2021 to March 2021 in Thailand.
Methods
Forty-five participants were divided into 3 groups: video only, video with VR controller training, and video with VR hand tracking training. Pre-test, post-test, and practice scores were used to assess learning outcomes. The System Usability Scale (SUS) and User Satisfaction Evaluation Questionnaire (USEQ) questionnaires were used to evaluate the differences between the VR groups. The sample comprised 45 medical students (undergraduate) who were taking part in clinical training at Walailak University in Thailand.
Results
The overall learning outcomes of both VR groups were better than those of the video group. The post-test scores (P=0.581) and practice scores (P=0.168) of both VR groups were not significantly different. Similarly, no significant between-group differences were found in the SUS scores (P=0.588) or in any aspects of the USEQ scores.
Conclusion
VR enhanced medical training. Interactions using hand tracking or controllers were not significantly different in terms of the outcomes measured in this study. The results and interviews provided a better understanding of support learning and training, which will be further improved and developed to create a self-learning VR medical training system in the future.

Citations

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Influence of Hand Tracking in Immersive Virtual Reality for Memory Assessment
José Varela-Aldás, Jorge Buele, Irene López, Guillermo Palacios-Navarro
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(5): 4609. CrossRef
Application of computer-based testing in the Korean Medical Licensing Examination, the emergence of the metaverse in medical education, journal metrics and statistics, and appreciation to reviewers and volunteers
Sun Huh
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions.2022; 19: 2. CrossRef
Virtual Simulation in Undergraduate Medical Education: A Scoping Review of Recent Practice
Qingming Wu, Yubin Wang, Lili Lu, Yong Chen, Hui Long, Jun Wang
Frontiers in Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Educational/faculty development material

Implementation and lessons learned from 2 online interprofessional faculty development programs for improving educational practice in the health professions in Chile and the United Kingdom from 2018 to 2021: Cesar Orsini, Veena Rodrigues, Jorge Tricio; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2021;18:21. Published online August 9, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2021.18.21

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

This study presents the design, implementation, and lessons learned from 2 fit-for-purpose online interprofessional faculty development programs for educational practice improvement in the health professions in Chile and the United Kingdom from 2018 to 2021. Both programs were designed to enhance teaching and learning practices in an interprofessional environment based on 4 pillars: professional diversity, egalitarianism, blended/online learning, and active learning strategies. A multidisciplinary mix of educators participated, showing similar results. The 3 main lessons learned were that the following factors facilitated an interprofessional environment: a professions-inclusive teaching style, a flexible learning climate, and interprofessional peer work. These lessons may be transferable to other programs seeking to enhance and support interprofessionality. Faculty development initiatives preparing educators for interprofessional practice should be an integral component of health professions education, as delivering these courses within professional silos is no longer justifiable. As the relevance of interprofessional education grows, an effective way of promoting interprofessonal education is to train the trainers in formal interprofessional settings.

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Perceived team roles of medical students: a five year cross-sectional study
Anke Boone, Mathieu Roelants, Karel Hoppenbrouwers, Corinne Vandermeulen, Marc Du Bois, Lode Godderis
BMC Medical Education.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Research articles

Correlation between academic self-efficacy and burnout originating from distance learning among nursing students in Indonesia during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: Ngatoiatu Rohmani, Rosi Andriani; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2021;18:9. Published online May 11, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2021.18.9

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
Distance learning, which became widespread in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has been a burdensome challenge for students and lecturers. This study investigated the relationship between academic self-efficacy and burnout in first-year nursing students who participated in distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
The study included 69 first-year nursing students at Jenderal Achmad Yani University in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data were collected in September 2020 through self-efficacy and burnout questionnaires that were distributed via email and social media for 2 weeks. The responses were analyzed using the gamma test.
Results
Most respondents were women (78.3%), with an average age of 19 years. Most nursing students had a moderate level of academic self-efficacy (72.5%), while only 13.0% of respondents had a low level of academic self-efficacy. However, 46.4% of students experienced severe burnout during distance learning. Cross-tabulation showed that students with moderate self-efficacy were more likely to experience severe burnout (24 respondents) (P<0.01 and r=-0.884). Exhaustion was the burnout dimension most closely associated with academic self-efficacy.
Conclusion
Students perceived distance learning as burdensome and reported high levels of exhaustion, which may negatively impact their academic achievement. Interventions to improve academic self-efficacy may foster students’ confidence, potentially leading to reduced burnout levels. Nurse educators should reflect upon innovative learning strategies to create a favorable learning environment for nursing students.

Citations

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Correlation analysis of self‐directed learning ability, self‐efficacy and academic burnout of junior nursing college students in closed management colleges
Zhi‐han Chen, Yuan‐yuan Ma, Xing‐hui Feng, Yan Lin
Nursing Open.2023; 10(4): 2508. CrossRef
Prevalence and associated factors of burnout among nursing students: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Ling-Na Kong, Yu Yao, Shuo-Zhen Chen, Jia-Lu Zhu
Nurse Education Today.2023; 121: 105706. CrossRef
The impact of distance education on nursing students course performance in a sino-foreign cooperative program during the onset of COVID-19: a quasi-experimental study
Yu Zhang, Ning Zhang, Hongyuan Liu, Yinshi Kan, Yan Zou
BMC Nursing.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Academic self-efficacy, resilience and social support among first-year Israeli nursing students learning in online environments during COVID-19 pandemic
Sigalit Warshawski
Nurse Education Today.2022; 110: 105267. CrossRef
Loneliness and Optimism among Polish Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediatory Role of Self-Efficacy
Ewa Kupcewicz, Kamila Rachubińska, Aleksandra Gaworska-Krzemińska, Anna Andruszkiewicz, Ilona Kuźmicz, Dorota Kozieł, Elżbieta Grochans
Healthcare.2022; 10(6): 971. CrossRef
The Effect of Teaching Methods on Students' Perceived Stress and Professional Readiness During the Pandemic
Pınar ÇİÇEKOĞLU ÖZTÜRK, Satı DİL, Tuğba YILDIRIM
Balıkesır Health Sciences Journal.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Academic self-efficacy, self-esteem, satisfaction with studies, and virtual media use as depression and emotional exhaustion predictors among college students during COVID-19
Renzo Felipe Carranza Esteban, Oscar Mamani-Benito, Wilter C. Morales-García, Tomás Caycho-Rodríguez, Percy G. Ruiz Mamani
Heliyon.2022; 8(11): e11085. CrossRef
An Empirical Study of English Learning Burnout Among Chinese Senior High School Students
Yuchen Zhong, Honggang Liu*
European Journal of English Language Studies.2022; 2(2): 77. CrossRef
Instructors’ caring behaviors, burnout, satisfaction, and academic performance of nursing students in online education and the pandemic era
Ryan Michael F. Oducado, Mary Kristine Q. Amboy, Ayesha C. Penuela, Ronnell D. Dela Rosa, Maria Teresa M. Fajardo, Dolly Rose F. Temelo
Frontiers of Nursing.2022; 9(4): 431. CrossRef
Policy issues on covid-19 waste: comparing Indonesia and Taiwan
R A Nugroho, A A Rahmawati, S G Prakoso, I D A Nurhaeni, A T Kartinawanty, H Parwiyanto
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.2021; 905(1): 012113. CrossRef
COVID-19 Lockdown Effects on Academic Functioning, Mood, and Health Correlates: Data from Dutch Pharmacy Students, PhD Candidates and Postdocs
Pauline A. Hendriksen, Agnese Merlo, Elisabeth Y. Bijlsma, Ferdi Engels, Johan Garssen, Gillian Bruce, Joris C. Verster
Data.2021; 6(11): 120. CrossRef
Transition to Online Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact of Changes in Alcohol Consumption and Experiencing Hangovers on Academic Functioning
Agnese Merlo, Pauline A. Hendriksen, Johan Garssen, Elisabeth Y. Bijlsma, Ferdi Engels, Gillian Bruce, Joris C. Verster
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2021; 10(22): 5332. CrossRef
COVID-19 Lockdown-Related Changes in Mood, Health and Academic Functioning
Pauline A. Hendriksen, Johan Garssen, Elisabeth Y. Bijlsma, Ferdi Engels, Gillian Bruce, Joris C. Verster
European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education.2021; 11(4): 1440. CrossRef

Comparison of the use of manikins and simulated patients in a multidisciplinary in situ medical simulation program for healthcare professionals in the United Kingdom: Marrit Meerdink, Joshua Khan; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2021;18:8. Published online April 20, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2021.18.8

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
Simulation training is increasingly popular in healthcare education, and often relies on specially designed manikins. However, it is also possible to work with actors, or simulated patients (SPs), which may provide a greater sense of realism. This study aimed to compare these 2 approaches, to ascertain which makes healthcare professionals feel most comfortable, which leads to the greatest improvement in confidence, and which is most beneficial to learning.
Methods
This study was embedded in a pre-existing multidisciplinary in situ simulation program. A multidisciplinary group of learners from a range of backgrounds—including nurses, doctors, and other allied health professionals—were asked to complete a questionnaire about their learning preferences. We collected 204 responses from 40 simulation sessions over 4 months, from September to December 2019. Of these 204 responses, 123 described using an SP and 81 described using a manikin.
Results
We found that 58% of respondents believed they would feel more comfortable working with an actor, while 17% would feel more comfortable using a manikin. Learners who used both modalities reported a significant increase in confidence (P<0.0001 for both). Participants felt that both modalities were beneficial to learning, but SPs provided significantly more benefits to learning than manikins (P<0.0001). The most common reason favoring SP-based simulation was the greater realism.
Conclusion
In scenarios that could reasonably be provided using either modality, we suggest that educators should give greater consideration to using SP-based simulation.

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Perception of Realism and Acquisition of Clinical Skills in Simulated Pediatric Dentistry Scenarios
Begoña Bartolomé Villar, Irene Real Benlloch, Ana De la Hoz Calvo, Gleyvis Coro-Montanet
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(18): 11387. CrossRef
Just-in-Time Orientation of Non-Critical Care Nurses to the Critical Care Environment
Meghan Doelger, Karen Kesten, Bonnie Sakallaris
The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing.2022; 53(10): 465. CrossRef
Content validity test of a safety checklist for simulated participants in simulation-based education in the United Kingdom: a methodological study
Matthew Bradley
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions.2022; 19: 21. CrossRef
A manikin or human simulator—development of a tool for measuring students’ perception
Kamil Torres, Phillip Evans, Izabela Mamcarz, Natalia Radczuk, Anna Torres
PeerJ.2022; 10: e14214. CrossRef

Medical students’ pattern of self-directed learning prior to and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic period and its implications for Free Open Access Meducation within the United Kingdom: Jack Barton, Kathrine Sofia Rallis, Amber Elyse Corrigan, Ella Hubbard, Antonia Round, Greta Portone, Ashvin Kuri, Tien Tran, Yu Zhi Phuah, Katie Knight, Jonathan Round; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2021;18:5. Published online April 6, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2021.18.5

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
Self-directed learning (SDL) has been increasingly emphasized within medical education. However, little is known about the SDL resources medical students use. This study aimed to identify patterns in medical students’ SDL behaviors, their SDL resource choices, factors motivating these choices, and the potential impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on these variables.
Methods
An online cross-sectional survey comprising multiple-choice, ranked, and free-text response questions were disseminated to medical students across all 41 UK medical schools between April and July 2020. Independent study hours and sources of study materials prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic were compared. Motivational factors guiding resource choices and awareness of Free Open Access Meducation were also investigated.
Results
The target sample was 75 students per medical school across a total of 41 medical schools within the United Kingdom (3,075 total students), and 1,564 responses were analyzed. University-provided information comprised the most commonly used component of independent study time, but a minority of total independent study time. Independent study time increased as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic (P<0.001). All sub-cohorts except males reported a significant increase in the use of resources such as free websites and question banks (P<0.05) and paid websites (P<0.05) as a result of the pandemic. Accessibility was the most influential factor guiding resource choice (Friedman’s μrank=3.97, P<0.001).
Conclusion
The use of learning resources independent of university provision is increasing. Educators must ensure equitable access to such materials while supporting students in making informed choices regarding their independent study behaviors.

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Medical students’ self-directed learning skills during online learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic in a Korean medical school
Jihyun Si
Korean Journal of Medical Education.2022; 34(2): 145. CrossRef
Assessing medical students’ perception and educational experience during COVID-19 pandemic
Ernest Z. Low, Niall J. O’Sullivan, Vidushi Sharma, Isabella Sebastian, Roisin Meagher, Dalal Alomairi, Ebraheem H. Alhouti, Claire L. Donohoe, Michael E. Kelly
Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -).2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Advances in e-learning in undergraduate clinical medicine: a systematic review
T. Delungahawatta, S. S. Dunne, S. Hyde, L. Halpenny, D. McGrath, A. O’Regan, C. P. Dunne
BMC Medical Education.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Estimation of item parameters and examinees’ mastery probability in each domain of the Korean Medical Licensing Examination using a deterministic inputs, noisy “and” gate (DINA) model: Younyoung Choi, Dong Gi Seo; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2020;17:35. Published online November 17, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2020.17.35

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Purpose
The deterministic inputs, noisy “and” gate (DINA) model is a promising statistical method for providing useful diagnostic information about students’ level of achievement, as educators often want to receive diagnostic information on how examinees did on each content strand, which is referred to as a diagnostic profile. The purpose of this paper was to classify examinees of the Korean Medical Licensing Examination (KMLE) in different content domains using the DINA model.
Methods
This paper analyzed data from the KMLE, with 360 items and 3,259 examinees. An application study was conducted to estimate examinees’ parameters and item characteristics. The guessing and slipping parameters of each item were estimated, and statistical analysis was conducted using the DINA model.
Results
The output table shows examples of some items that can be used to check item quality. The probabilities of mastery of each content domain were also estimated, indicating the mastery profile of each examinee. The classification accuracy and consistency for 8 content domains ranged from 0.849 to 0.972 and from 0.839 to 0.994, respectively. As a result, the classification reliability of the cognitive diagnosis model was very high for the 8 content domains of the KMLE.
Conclusion
This mastery profile can provide useful diagnostic information for each examinee in terms of each content domain of the KMLE. Individual mastery profiles allow educators and examinees to understand which domain(s) should be improved in order to master all domains in the KMLE. In addition, all items showed reasonable results in terms of item parameters.

Software report

Integration of computer-simulated practical exercises into undergraduate medical pharmacology education at Mulungushi University, Zambia: Christian Chinyere Ezeala; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2020;17:8. Published online February 24, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2020.17.8

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study was conducted to determine whether a computer simulation of practical exercises in undergraduate medical pharmacology led to the realization of the intended learning outcomes.
Methods
The study was a descriptive analysis of laboratory classes carried out using computer simulation programs. Five programs were used to teach practical pharmacology to undergraduate medical students at the Mulungushi University School of Medicine and Health Sciences. The study period was January 2018 to December 2019. The computer programs included a pharmacokinetics simulator (CyberPatient), organ bath simulator (OBSim), AutonomiCAL for simulating autonomic pharmacology, and Virtual Cat and Virtual Rat (RatCVS) for simulating cardiovascular pharmacology. Students utilized these programs during their pharmacology laboratory classes, wrote reports, and answered relevant clinical questions.
Results
The 5 programs provided easy and precise platforms for students to explore concepts and demonstrate knowledge of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, autonomic and cardiovascular pharmacology, and their clinical applications.
Conclusion
The programs were effective learning tools. Students’ learning was easily assessed based on their laboratory reports. Although the computer programs met medical students’ learning needs, wet laboratory exercises are also needed to meet the needs of students who require practical laboratory skills.

Citations

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Simulation as a Tool to Illustrate Clinical Pharmacology Concepts to Healthcare Program Learners
Liza Barbarello Andrews, Les Barta
Current Pharmacology Reports.2020; 6(4): 182. CrossRef

Brief report

Physical therapy students’ perceptions of the educational environment at physical therapy institutes in Pakistan: Muhammad Adeel, Asad Chaudhry; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2020;17:7. Published online February 24, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2020.17.7

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Abstract PDF: This study assessed doctor of physical therapy (DPT) students’ perceptions of the educational environment at public and private physical therapy institutes in Pakistan. This cross-sectional study was conducted at 6 physical therapy institutions in Punjab, Pakistan from April 2018 to December 2019. In total, 500 Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaires were distributed among DPT students identified through convenience sampling (response rate, 86.4%). The correlations between each item of the DREEM score were analyzed. The mean overall DREEM score was 128±19.63 for all 5 subscales (range, 33 to 166; standard error of the mean, 0.954). The correlations of atmosphere, learning, and self-perception with the overall educational environment were r=0.896, r=0.853, and r=0.846, respectively. Student-centered approaches were found to be more effective than teacher-centered approaches for promoting a positive educational environment.

Research articles

Moroccan residents’ perceptions of the hospital learning environment measured with the French version of the Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure: Hajar Berrani, Redouane Abouqal, Amal Thimou Izgua; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2020;17:4. Published online January 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2020.17.4

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
This study aimed to assess the educational environment of residents in Morocco and to compare residents’ perceptions depending on their specialty.
Methods
We applied the French version of the Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure (PHEEM) to measure the educational environment at 6 hospitals in Rabat from January to June 2017. The internal reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s α coefficient. Principal component analysis was conducted to assess the construct validity of the 3 subscales of the PHEEM questionnaire. Analysis of variance was performed to compare the mean scores of the overall PHEEM, its subscales, and each item among the 6 specialties.
Results
Responses from 255 residents were included. The 40-item PHEEM questionnaire showed a high level of reliability, with a Cronbach’s α of 0.91. Principal component analysis of all 40 items suggested that 3 factors explained 48% of the variance, with better results for the teaching subscale. Moroccan residents perceived their educational environment as more positive than negative. There were significant differences in the overall and subscale scores among the 6 specialties.
Conclusion
The French version of the PHEEM was confirmed to be a valid and reliable instrument in Morocco. Moroccan residents perceived their educational environment as more positive than negative, but room for improvement remained, with challenges including the poor infrastructure, the suboptimal quality of supervision, and inadequate teaching and work regulations.

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Ambiente educacional y bienestar mental de los residentes de posgrados médicos y quirúrgicos en Medellín, Colombia
María Adelaida Posada Uribe, Verónica Vargas González, Clara Orrego Morales, Carolina Cataño, Elsa María Vásquez, Diana Restrepo
Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Depression and its associated factors: perceived stress, social support, substance use and related sociodemographic risk factors in medical school residents in Nairobi, Kenya
Sayed Shah Nur Hussein Shah, Ahmed Laving, Violet Caroline Okech-Helu, Manasi Kumar
BMC Psychiatry.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

A conceptual model for students’ satisfaction with team-based learning using partial least squares structural equation modelling in a faculty of life sciences, in the United Kingdom: Andrea Manfrin, Bugewa Apampa, Prabha Parthasarathy; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2019;16:36. Published online November 13, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2019.16.36

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
Students’ satisfaction is an essential element in higher education. This study aimed to identify paths and predictive power of students’ satisfaction during team-based learning (TBL) activities in the faculty of life sciences using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).
Methods
In 2018–2019, at the University of Sussex (Falmer, UK), 180 life science students exposed to TBL were invited to participate in the study. Team-Based-Learning-Student-Assessment-Instrument was used. A conceptual model was developed for testing six hypotheses. H1: What was the effect of TBL on student satisfaction? H2: What was the effect of lectures on student satisfaction? H3: What was the effect of TBL on accountability? H4: What was the effect of lectures on accountability? H5: What was the effect of accountability on student satisfaction? H6: What were the in-sample and out-of-sample predictive power of the model? The analysis was conducted using the PLS-SEM approach.
Results
Ninety-nine students participated in the study giving a 55% response rate. Confirmatory tetrad analysis suggested a reflective model. Construct reliability, validity, average extracted variance, and discriminant validity were confirmed. All path coefficients were positive, and 5 were statistically significant (H1: β=0.587, P<0:001; H2: β=0.262, P<0.001; H3: β=0.532, P<0.001; H4: β=0.063, P=0.546; H5: β=0.200, P=0.002). The in-sample predictive power was weak for Accountability, (R2=0.303; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.117–0.428; P<0.001) and substantial for Student Satisfaction (R2=0.678; 95% CI, 0.498–0.777; P<0.001). The out-of-sample predictive power was moderate.
Conclusion
The results have demonstrated the possibility of developing and testing a TBL conceptual model using PLS-SEM for the evaluation of path coefficients and predictive power relative to students’ satisfaction.

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Perceptions of team-based learning using the Team-Based Learning Student Assessment Instrument: an exploratory analysis amongst pharmacy and biomedical students in the United Kingdom: Prabha Parthasarathy, Bugewa Apampa, Andrea Manfrin; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2019;16:23. Published online August 21, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2019.16.23

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Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate students’ perception of team-based learning (TBL) amongst a cohort exposed to this methodology for the first time at a university in the United Kingdom.
Methods
Between November and December 2018, 26 first-year Master of Pharmacy and 90 second-year Biomedical Science students of the School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, United Kingdom were invited to participate and requested to complete a questionnaire that contained quantitative and qualitative questions. The quantitative component was based on the Team-Based Learning Student Assessment Instrument (TBL-SAI). It additionally contained questions about key student characteristics.
Results
The response rate was 60% (70 of 116); of the participants, 74% (n=52) were females and 26% (n=18) males. The percentage of agreement in the TBL-SAI suggested a favourable response to TBL. The overall mean score for the TBL-SAI was 115.6 (standard deviation, 5.6; maximum score, 140), which was above the threshold of 102, thus suggesting a preference for TBL. Statistically significant differences were not found according to demographic characteristics. Students who predicted a final grade of ≥70% strongly agreed that TBL helped improve their grades. Some students highlighted issues with working in teams, and only 56% of students agreed that they could learn better in a team setting.
Conclusion
This study shows that students exposed to TBL for the first time favoured several aspects of TBL. However, more focused strategies including team-building activities and expert facilitation skills could potentially tackle resistance to working in teams.

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