Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions

Research articles

Impact of a narrative medicine program on reflective capacity and empathy of medical students in Iran: Saeideh Daryazadeh, Payman Adibi, Nikoo Yamani, Roya Mollabashi; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2020;17:3. Published online January 27, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2020.17.3

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Purpose
Narrative medicine consists of the expression of medical experiences and the reflection on narratives to foster empathic communication with patients. Reflecting on narratives increases self-awareness and recognition of the feelings of the narrator or the story’s main character, which in turn affects the audience. This study was conducted to examine the impact of a narrative medicine program on the reflective capacity and empathy of medical students.
Methods
A quasi-experimental study was performed during the 2018–2019 academic year at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in Iran involving 135 medical interns in 2 groups (control [n=66] and experimental [n=69]). Interns in the experimental group took part in seven 2-hour reflective practice sessions, while those in the control group underwent no educational intervention. Pre-test and post-test assessments were conducted for both groups using 2 valid and reliable tools for the assessment of reflective capacity and empathy. Mean reflection and empathy scores were compared within groups (between pre- and post-test values) and between groups (using the paired-t test and the t-test; P≤0.05).
Results
The mean reflection and empathy scores of the experimental group significantly increased from pre-test to post-test, but those of the control group did not. Moreover, the mean post-test scores were significantly different between the 2 groups (P<0.001).
Conclusion
Narrative medicine is an effective teaching method that can improve reflective capacity and empathy, thereby ultimately promoting professionalism as a core competency in medicine. Consideration of learning conditions and interdisciplinary teaching are necessary for implementing a narrative medicine program.

Citations

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Development of a checklist to validate the framework of a narrative medicine program based on Gagne’s instructional design model in Iran through consensus of a multidisciplinary expert panel: Saeideh Daryazadeh, Nikoo Yamani, Payman Adibi; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2019;16:34. Published online October 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2019.16.34

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181 Download
1 Web of Science
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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
Narrative medicine is a patient-centered approach focusing on the development of narrative skills and self-awareness that incorporates “attending, representing, and affiliating” in clinical encounters. Acquiring narrative competency promotes clinical performance, and narratives can be used for teaching professionalism, empathy, multicultural education, and professional development. This study was conducted to develop a checklist to validate the framework of a narrative medicine program through consensus of a panel.
Methods
This expert panel study was conducted from 2018 to 2019 at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. It included 2 phases: developing a framework in 2 steps and forming an expert panel to validate the framework in 3 rounds. We adapted a 3-stage narrative medicine model with 9 training activities from Gagne’s theory, developed a framework, and then produced a checklist to validate the framework in a multidisciplinary expert panel that consisted of 7 experts. The RAND/UCLA appropriateness method was used to assess the experts’ agreement. The first-round opinions were received by email. Consensus was achieved in the second and third rounds through face-to-face meetings to facilitate interactions and discussion among the experts.
Results
Sixteen valid indicators were approved and 100% agreement was obtained among experts (with median values in the range of 7–9 out of a maximum of 9, with no disagreement), and the framework was validated by the expert panel.
Conclusion
The 16 checklist indicators can be used to evaluate narrative medicine programs as a simple and practical guide to improve teaching effectiveness and promote life-long learning.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Challenges of Implementing the First Narrative Medicine Course for Teaching Professionalism in Iran: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Saeideh Daryazadeh, Payman Adibi, Nikoo Yamani
Educational Research in Medical Sciences.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of a narrative medicine program on reflective capacity and empathy of medical students in Iran
Saeideh Daryazadeh, Payman Adibi, Nikoo Yamani, Roya Mollabashi
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions.2020; 17: 3. CrossRef

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